Chumash Timeline
1300 years before present time.
1300 BP: Peo Period
Early Life On Island: Pigmy Mammoth Inhabited the Island. The Arlington Springs remains of human dated 1300 years ago and baskets and shells found.
The ancient mega Island of Santarosae streched from Northern California to the Southern California and ends in Alta Baja California.
The Chumash ancestors, were likely the first sea fairing Paleo-indians on the islands. Nowhere else in the Americas has a denser collection of archaeological sites older than 8,500 years. And many more of the islands’ former human settlements may now be hidden—submerged as the Ice Age ended and melted water from the Earth’s glaciers raised sea levels.
Although the early Islanders do not currently inhabit the Channel Islands today, the Chumash, Tongva and Luseno called the area home for at least 8,000 years. The Northern Islands were occupied by the Chumash Tribe - Santa Barbara ,Anacapa, Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, and San Miguel. The Southern Islands were occupied by the Tongva Tribe on Catalina Island and the Luseno tribe at San Nicholson Island, the most southern of the Islands were occupied by the Kumeyaay, Ipi Tipi and other Baja California coastal tribes. The once ancient mega Island of Santarosae streched from Northern California to the Southern California and ends in Alta Baja California.
Our story starts out at sea on an ancient Island called Santarosae during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene period. A time when Woolley Mammoths and Saber Tooth Tigers roamed the Islands.
Santarosae, the once mega-island comprised of what are today's eight Channel Islands. Over time the Islands drifted apart and were divided into northern and southern groups who call themself the Chumash, Tongva, Luseno Kumeyaay and Ipi tipi people.
This puts humans in a maritime setting in western North America 13,000 years ago. Arlington Man’s presence on Santarosae is widely considered the oldest evidence of watercraft use in the Americas.
The Chumash Tomol is the oldest evidence of watercraft use in the Americas.
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8,500-6.500 BP Initial Early Period
• Oak Grove People
Gathering was the main source of food production
6,000-5000 BP Altithemal Period
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Climate starts to become warmer and dryer population Starts to decline dramatically.
5,000-3200 Terminal Early Period
• Hunting with new Technologies
This era is marked with increase and changes in the toolkit. New technology emerges-the throwing stick (Atlat). People start to hunt large animals like Elk and deer. A new proto Chumash language becomes established.
3200-2000 Middle Period
New Technologies were invented. Fish hooks, Barbed Harpoon spears, fish nets and the Tomol. This created a dietary upswing in the use of swordfish, albacore and other tuna, which increase the population dramatically and large village settlements were established.
The Tomol was introduce or invented around this time, the Chumash word for "sewn-plank canoe" -- which they claim is extremely similar to the Polynesian term for the redwoods used to build the same mode of transport.
technological and linguistic exchanges between the Chumash and Gabrielino tribes of California with ancient Polynesians.
800 Before Present - Late Period
The Chumash had the most highly developed coastal technologies in North America.
Established Village Settlements from the Islands to the mainland. The original 13 coastal villages on the mainland were carefully planed by the 20 – a code for a secret society of priest and chiefs from the Islands. The twenty = 12 an,tap + 8 Shans.
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Over time there were territory disputes and wars between Villages. Soon after the 20 developed a sophisticated trade system along with a shell money currency. Everything was abundant and the people had a good relations with the land.
Rituals and Ceremonies for the earth, fire, water, and sky brought understanding and the people together. Songs, dances and stories were shared to remind the people where they come from and about the ones before them..(ancestors) This period lasted for about 700 years prior to Juan Cabrillo first contact.